This top 5 India tour is about the metropolitan area in Rajasthan, India. For its namesake district, see Jaipur district. For other uses, see Jaipur (disambiguation).
JAIPUR
Jaipur | |
|---|---|
| Nickname: The Pink City | |
  Jaipur Location of Jaipur in Rajasthan | |
| Coordinates: 26.9°N 75.8°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Rajasthan |
| District | Jaipur |
| Establishment | 1727 |
| Founded by | Jai Singh II |
| Named for | Jai Singh II |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal Corporation |
| • Body | Jaipur Municipal Corporation |
| • Mayor | • Somya Gurjar (Jaipur Greater)[1](BJP) • Munesh Gurjar (Jaipur Heritage)(Congress)[1] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 467 km2 (180 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 1st in Rajasthan |
| Elevation | 431 m (1,414 ft) |
| Population (2011)[3] | |
| • Total | 3,046,189 |
| • Rank | 10th India |
| • Density | 6,500/km2 (17,000/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Jaipuri, Jaipuriya |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi, Rajasthani[4] |
| • Additional official | English[4] |
| • Regional | Dhundari[5] |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Pincode(s) | 3020xx |
| Area code(s) | +91-141 |
| Vehicle registration | RJ-14 (Jaipur South) RJ-45 (Jaipur North) |
| GDP Nominal (Jaipur district) | ₹122,140 crore (US$15 billion)[6] |
| Budget | ₹895.60 crores ($121 million)[7] |
| Airport | Jaipur International Airport |
| Rapid transit system | Jaipur Metro |
| Website | jaipurmc (Jaipur Greater) jaipurmcheritage (jaipur Heritage) |
| Official name | Jaipur City, Rajasthan |
| Criteria | Cultural: (ii), (iv), (vi) |
| Designated | 2019 (43rd session) |
| Reference no. | 1605 |
| Region | Southern As |
_-_img_01.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
listen)),[8][9][10] formerly Jeypore, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. As of 2011, the city had a population of 3.1 million, making it the tenth most populous city in the country. Jaipur is also known as the Pink City, due to the dominant colour scheme of its buildings. It is also known as the Paris of India, and C. V. Raman called it the Island of Glory. It is located 268 km (167 miles) from the national capital New Delhi. Jaipur was founded in 1727 by the Kachhwaha Rajput ruler Jai Singh II,[11][12] the ruler of Amer, after whom the city is named. It was one of the earliest planned cities of modern India, designed by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya.[13] During the British Colonial period, the city served as the capital of Jaipur State. After independence in 1947, Jaipur was made the capital of the newly formed state of Rajasthan.Jaipur is a popular tourist destination in India and forms a part of the west Golden Triangle tourist circuit along with Delhi and Agra (240 km, 149 mi).[14] It also serves as a gateway to other tourist destinations in Rajasthan such as Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Bharatpur, Udaipur, Kota and Mount Abu.
On 6 July 2019, UNESCO World Heritage Committee inscribed Jaipur the "Pink City of India" among its World Heritage Sites.[15] The city is also home to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites Amer Fort and Jantar Mantar.
History
The city of Jaipur was founded by the King of Amber, Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II on 18 November 1727, who ruled from 1699 to 1743. He planned to shift his capital from Amber, 11 kilometres (7 mi) to Jaipur to accommodate the growing population and increasing scarcity of water.[13] Jai Singh consulted several books on architecture and architects while planning the layout of Jaipur. Under the architectural guidance of Vidyadhar Bhattacharya, Jaipur was planned based on the principles of Vastu Shastra and Shilpa Shastra.[16] The construction of the city began in 1726 and took four years to complete the major roads, offices, and palaces. The architecture of the city was heavily influenced by the 17th century architectural renaissance during Mughal rule in Northern India. Hence much of it resembles architecture styles from around the Muslim world. The city was divided into nine blocks, two of which contained the state buildings and palaces, with the remaining seven allotted to the public. Huge ramparts were built, pierced by seven fortified gates.[13]
During the rule of Sawai Ram Singh I, the city was painted pink to welcome HRH Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (who later became King Edward VII, Emperor of India), in 1876.[17] Many of the avenues still remain painted in pink, giving Jaipur a distinctive appearance and the epithet Pink city.[18]
In the 19th century, the city grew rapidly and by 1900 it had a population of 160,000. The wide boulevards were paved and its chief industries were the working of metals and marble, fostered by a school of art founded in 1868.[12] The city had three colleges, including a Sanskrit college (1865) and a girls' school (1867) opened during the reign of the Maharaja Ram Singh II.[19][20]
Large areas of the city including the airport were flooded in August 1981, resulting in the death of eight people and much damage to the city's Dravyavati River.[21] The floods were caused by three days of cloud burst that produced more rain than the annual average.[22]
Geography
Topography
Jaipur is located in the northeastern part of Rajasthan and covers a total area of 467 square kilometres (180 sq mi). The city is surrounded by fertile alluvial plains to the east and south and hill chains and desert areas to the north and west.[23][24] Jaipur generally slopes downwards from north to south and then to the southeast.[25] The city is surrounded by the Nahargarh hills in the north and Jhalana in the east, which is a part of the Aravalli range.[25]
Dravyavati river is the primary drainage channel which by 2014 had degenerated into an untreated sewage nallah. To address this issue, a contract for the rejuvenation of the river was awarded to a consortium comprising Tata Projects and the Shanghai Urban Construction Group by the JDA.[26] A 13-km stretch of Dravyavati riverfront out of 47.5 km was opened for residents in 2018[27] and the remaining project was completed in 2022.[28]
Climate
Jaipur has a monsoon-influenced hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh) with long, extremely hot summers and short, mild to warm winters. Annual precipitation is over 625 millimetres or 25 inches, falling mostly in July and August due to the southwest monsoon, causing the average temperatures in these two months to be lower compared to drier May and June. During the monsoon, there are frequent, heavy rains and thunderstorms, but flooding is not common. The highest temperature ever recorded was 49.0 °C (120.2 °F), on 23 May 1994. The city's average temperature remains below 20 °C or 68 °F between December and February. These months are mild, dry, and pleasant, sometimes chilly. The lowest temperature ever recorded was −2.2 °C (28.0 °F) on 31 January 1905, 1 February 1905 and 16 January 1964. Jaipur, like many other major cities of the world, is a significant urban heat island zone with surrounding rural temperatures occasionally falling below freezing in winters.[29]
Post a Comment